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May 24, 2022. The strange business of selling fakes, forgeries and other concoctions attributed to Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) and other Nazi criminals. Hitlers exhibited in Utrecht (NL), September 1941 Hitlers in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, October 1941 Exchange rates/value of money - Late September 1941
Hitlers exhibited in Utrecht (NL), September 1941 In September 1941 the following happened
in Utrecht, the Netherlands: "Cultural ties Germany-Netherlands. Exhibition in Utrecht On Saturday, the Utrecht University Library
opened an exhibition on the subject of German-Dutch
relations over the centuries. The exhibition gives
an interesting overview of the history of the
cultural ties between Germany and the Netherlands
from Germanic times until the 20th century. Cultureele banden Duitschland-Nederland. Tentoonstelling te Utrecht. Het Vaderland, 's-Gravenhage, 16-09-1941. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010019874:mpeg21:a0082To
top of
page. Hitlers in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, October 1941 Admitted:
the 'Hitlers' exhibited in the famous
Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam were only
reproductions. Ad the question remains if the
originals of these reproductions were authentic
Hitlers or works made by ghost artists.
Nevertheless:
(...) "The exhibition "Art of the Front" in the Rijksmuseum is without doubt a remarkable human document. Of course, when such large masses of soldiers are on the move, artists also go to war with them and it is not surprising that they reach for their pens and paint brush when a break comes. Then there are the men who, with more or less talent, practise drawing, modelling and woodcarving as a hobby. A not insignificant number of exhibitors belong to this group. It is difficult to assume that an exhibition like this expresses all that can be expressed in terms of feelings. Even the most interesting documents and memories of the world war only appeared years after the peace was concluded. (...) It is known that Adolf Hitler was also busy
drawing at the front in Flanders during the world
war. In a showcase one finds prints of his
watercolours, mostly impressions of the destroyed
buildings. These watercolours are not made without
skill and a drawing of a Flemish gothic church,
which has remained intact, even has a remarkably
pointed style. (...)" It can be seen from the second paragraph that the reproductions of the "Hitlers" originate from Hoffmann's portfolio. The work discussed here, "Ardoye in Flandern, 27. June 1917". It is in all probability an authentic Hitler. Kunst van het Front. Tentoonstelling in het
Rijksmuseum. De Tijd, Amsterdam, 01-10-1941.
(…) "The Führer as an artist on the Western Front 1914-1918" is the name given to this collection, which is small but nevertheless very interesting. The paintings, which the Führer made as a soldier at the front, are indeed a very special note in this exhibition, which is fully worth visiting.” Jaap Valk. De Waag, Haarlem, 03-10-1941. Exchange rates / value of money, late September 1941 Take notice: due to the war conditions and black markets these exchange rates, published in De Tijd, a Dutch newspaper in German occupied Europe, probably do not necessarily represent the actual values. Exchanges Rates London (official) 1 UK pound = 4.02 US dollar. 1 US dollar = 0.25 UK pound 1 UK pound = 4.45 Canadian dollar 1 Canadian dollar = 0.22 UK pound 1 UK pound = 17.35 Swiss francs 1 Swiss franc =0.058 UK pound 1 UK pound = 16.90 Swedish krone 1 Swedish kron = 0.059 UK pound 1 UK pound = 17 Brazilian real 1 Brazilian real = 0.058 UK pound Exchanges Rates Berlin 1 Reichsmark (RM) = 2.50 US dollar 1 US dollar = 0.40 RM 1 RM = 2.10 Canadian dollar 1 Canadian dollar = 0.47 RM 1 RM = 1.32 NL guilder 1 NL guilder = 0.75 RM 1 RM = 40 B franc 1 B franc = 0.025 RM 1 RM = 5 (?) F franc 1 F franc = 0.20(?) RM Geld- en wisselmarkt. De Tijd, Amsterdam, 01-10-1941. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010929053:mpeg21:a0054 CPI Inflation Calculator – for US dollars.This inflation calculator uses official records published by the U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.in2013dollars.com/us/inflation/ Convertisseur franc-euro. Pouvoir d'achat
de l'euro et du franc. Le
convertisseur franc-euro mesure l'érosion
monétaire due à l'inflation. Historischer Währungsrechner. Österreichische Nationalbank (Geldwertrechner). https://www.eurologisch.at/docroot/waehrungsrechner/#/ Value of the Guilder/Euro. International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam. http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php
Jérôme Blanc.
Pouvoirs et monnaie durant la seconde guerre
mondiale en France : la monnaie subordonnée au
politique. International conference on War, Money
and Finance, ” Monetary and Financial Structures:
The Impact of Political Unrests and Wars ”. , Jun
2008, Paris, Nanterre, France. Pages 6, 11, 12,
16-17, 21, 22.
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